Born 12th February 1809 in Shropshire, England to a Unitarian family.

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In 1825, Darwin worked as an apprentice doctor treating the poor, before studying medicine at University of Edinburgh the next autumn. However he disliked the course and neglected his studies. During his second year he joined the Plinian Society which debated natural history.

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In 1831 he was invited to take part in a long term expedition on HMS Beagle which travelled the oceans in 5 months, for the most part following the coast of South America and encircling the southern hemisphere. While land mappers surveyed and chartered the coasts, Darwin spent much of the time on land examinig geology and making natural history collections. During his journey, he formed the opinion that there is no unbridgeable gap between humans and animals.

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On returning to England on 2nd October 1836 Darwin had become scientifically renowned thanks to the letters he sent back from his five year journey which noted his many discoveries and analyses. The following year Darwin noted the idea that "one species does change into another".

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By 1839 he was working on the theory of natural selection. For more than a decade this work was in the background to his main occupation, publication of the scientific results of the Beagle voyage.

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The book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection went on sale 22 November 1859. It became immediate very popular in England and attracted international interest. It was translated into many languages and became part of popular culture, a movement known as Darwinism which became widely accepted as fact.

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